It may surprise you that the elderly are you and I. As CS Lewis has observed, “The future is something which everyone reaches at the rate of 60 minutes an hour, whatever he does, whoever he is.” It is one of the great equalizers. 这可能会让你大吃一惊，老人是你和我作为CS刘易斯所说，“未来是每个人都在一个小时60分钟的失业率高达，他所做的，无论他是谁。”它是伟大的均衡器。 According to one of the most insightful raconteurs of our time, George Carlin, “There's no present. 根据我们时代的最深刻raconteurs之一，乔治卡林，“没有出席。 There's only the immediate future and the recent past.” Although it may be tempting to get lost in the moment, for the Boomers, the future is now. 目前只有在不久的将来和最近过去。“虽然可以得到诱人的时刻失去了潮，未来就是现在。 This segment of society, those over 60 years of age, is expanding exponentially, with the group over 85 years old, experiencing the most significant increase. 这种社会阶层，年龄超过60岁者，正在迅速增加与本集团超过85岁，经历了最显着增加。 Social workers will play an increasingly visible role in this compelling dimension. 社会工作者将在这一引人注目的层面越来越明显的作用。
The opportunities for gerontological social workers seem extensive. 为老年社会工作者的机会似乎广泛。 As we devote our talents to health and homeostasis of every system, let us remember a poignant one liner of George Burns, a most famous and clever centagenerian: “I look to the future because that's where I'm going to spend the rest of my life.” 当我们把我们的人才，健康和每个系统动态平衡，让我们记住一个活生生的一个乔治伯恩斯，最有名的和聪明的centagenerian班轮：“我期待未来，因为那是我将用我的休息生活。“
Offering a somewhat broader perspective, anthropologist Otto von Mering proclaims a worldwide mission: “Think globally, act locally. 提供较为广泛的角度来看，人类学家奥托冯梅灵宣布全球使命：“放眼全球，立足本地。 Think future, act now.” The need for intervention, moreover, transcends socioeconomic boundaries, incorporating the wealthy—historically, a rather unique group to the world of social work. 想想未来，现在就采取行动。“进行干预的必要性，而且超越了社会经济的界限，纳入富裕，从历史上看，一个很独特的小组社会工作的世界。 A common occurrence across the board is isolation, a factor contributing to exaggerated vulnerability, especially financial exploitation. 一刀切司空见惯的隔离，夸张的因素的脆弱性，特别是经济剥削。
Social service agencies are scrambling to meet the onslaught of demands unfolding over the coming years. 社会服务机构都在争先恐后地满足未来几年开展的需求冲击。 They are faced with increasing obstacles. 他们正面临着越来越大的阻力。 Healthcare spending is out of control. 医疗保健支出失控。 Statistics are astounding, and given the current state of the economy, the picture seems bleak. 统计数字是惊人的，鉴于目前的经济状况，情况似乎暗淡。 To further add to the mix, in the inimitable American way, elders seem to bear the burdens of society as youthfulness is worshiped and old age scorned. 为了进一步增加组合的独特的美国生活方式，老年人似乎为青春承担的社会负担是崇拜和老年蔑视。 As Oscar Wilde captured in the Faustian protagonist of his novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray, our elders seem to be characterized in that chilling portrait of society as the graphic “id,” relegated to scapegoats, marred and gnarled as time goes by. 正如奥斯卡王尔德在他的小说里，道林格雷的画像浮士德式的主角抓获，长者似乎在那个社会的图形“号冷冻肖像特征，”退居替罪羊，不足和粗糙的随着时间的推移。 Not only is there a call to action in the fight against ageism and elder abuse, but strategic planning and invigorated policy is long overdue. 不仅有没有在打击虐待长者年龄歧视和打击行动的呼吁，但战略规划和搞活政策是早就应该进行。
“Aging gracefully” has taken on new meaning. “优雅地老化”已经采取了新的含义。 Inherent in this phrase was the implied message that one should “grin and bear it.” Now, the expectation is empowerment and action—a take charge attitude and assumption of responsibility for one's own life. 在这句话的内在隐含的信息是，一个要“逆来顺受。”现在的期望是权力和行动的一采取自己的生命负责的态度和承担责任。 As seniors jog along the exercise trail of this developmental stage, both literally and figuratively, practicing mental gymnastics to retain alertness, there is a good chance a coach could bolster the team spirit. 由于老人慢跑沿着这个发展阶段的工作新局面，都名副其实地练习体操，以保持精神警觉性，有一个很好的机会，教练可以加强团队精神。 As life coaches, social workers enter during many detours along that well worn path. 教练为生命，社会工作者进入，沿着这条道路陈旧许多弯路。 The aging process is only one of many examples that bring change and challenge. 老龄化进程只是众多例子之一带来的变化和挑战。 Those who can readily adapt to change fare well; others may have difficulty coping. 这些谁可以很容易地适应变化以及车费，其他可能难以应付。 While I was still an intern in the field, a learned psychologist once taught me, “As one ages, whatever issues were operating before, just got worse.” This has, at times, borne out in practice. 当我还是一个正如一位年龄在外地，有学问的心理学家曾经教我，“实习生，什么问题都前的经营，只是变得更糟。”这有时，在实践中证明。 Since then, noteworthy advances have occurred. 自那时以来，已发生显着的进步。 We are fortunate to be the recipients of the work of visionary change agents, such as Aaron Beck (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy), Martin Seligman (Positive Psychology), and D. Saleebey (Strength Based Perspective). 我们很幸运的是有远见的变革推动者，如阿伦贝克（认知行为治疗），马丁塞利格曼，工作的人（积极心理学）和D Saleebey（实力为基础的观点）。 Coping abilities seem to be specific to certain families, yet for the ill-equipped, skills can be learned and enhanced, a goal for many social workers to set. 应对能力似乎是专门针对某些家庭，但是对于装备不良，技能可以学习和加强，许多社会工作者的目标设定。 Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is a model most successful with our elders, so if possible, it would be advisable for social workers to seek training and supervision in this modality. 认知行为治疗是一个模式最成功的长者，所以如果可能的话，这将是最好的社会工作者接受培训并在这一模式的监督。
Aging, being a series of continual losses, can be keenly depleting. 老龄化，作为一个系列的连续亏损，可以清楚地消耗。 There is the loss of physical faculties such as vision, hearing, and mobility. 目前的身体机能，如视觉，听觉和移动的损失。 Sometimes there is debilitating chronic pain. 有时，削弱慢性疼痛。 The neighborhood changes, finances erode, friends and maybe even their own children die. 附近的变化，财政侵蚀，朋友甚至自己的孩子死亡。 Elders become depressed, and the downward spiral of illness begins. 长老变得沮丧，以及疾病的恶性循环开始。 When working with large groups of seniors, they may present as needy. 在与前辈的大集团工作，他们可能会引起需要。 On some level, they experience degrees of emptiness and loss and try to adjust for it, often ineffectively. 在一定程度上，他们经历的空虚和损失程度，努力调整它，往往不善。 Seniors can be perceived in an unflattering light. 老年人可以被视为一个直言不讳的光。 Somatization, eating, and sleeping problems and falls are common. 躯体化，饮食和睡眠问题和跌倒是常见的。 With knowledge and skill, social workers, as part of the clients' healthcare team, may foster fulfillment and ensure safety. 随着知识和技能，社会工作者，作为客户的医疗团队的一部分，可以促进实现和确保安全。
We are fortunate for the work that has been done in the field, in part by social workers, in reframing the image of aging. 我们很幸运的是已在该领域所做的工作，在社会工作者的一部分，重新规划老化的形象。 Merely a generation ago, seniors were expected to retire, sit back and relax and watch the world go by. 仅仅一代人以前，老人预期退休，坐下来慢慢欣赏到世界各地的。 However, marvel the occurrence of innovative thought that yielded a paradigm shift of the medical model. 然而，奇迹的发生，是创新思想的产生了医学模式的模式转变。 The focus flipped from the emphasis on disease to preventive medicine, health and wellness, and subsequently, healthy aging. 翻转的重点从对疾病的预防医学，保健和健康的重视，随后，健康老龄化。 The course of the future has been restructured, as the ripple effect throughout the societal realm now conveys a positive, upbeat, involved, and active ideal—that of one whom continues to contribute to society through participation in work or volunteerism, using technology and other supports to remain independent. 未来的课程进行了调整，为整个社会领域产生连锁反应现在传达了一个积极，乐观，参与和积极的理想，是一个人继续有助于通过在工作或参与社会志愿服务，运用技术和其他支持，以保持独立。
Not long ago, nursing home placement was ubiquitous, akin to the institutionalization of children with developmental disabilities and the practice of total hysterectomies and mastectomies of ignominy. 不久前，养老院是普遍存在的，类似于与发展残疾儿童的制度化和总子宫切除乳房的耻辱和实践。 Today, people are living longer, more successfully and with substantial quality of life. 今天，人们的寿命更长，更成功和大量的生活质量。 J. William Fulbright comments on such a scenario, when he so aptly recognizes: “We must dare to think 'unthinkable' thoughts. 威廉富布赖特在这种情况下，当他的意见，以便恰当地认识到：“我们必须敢想'不可思议'的想法。 We must learn to explore all the options and possibilities that confront us in a complex and rapidly changing world.” One of these options is the overarching desire to reside in one's own home as long as possible. 我们必须学会探讨所有的选项和可能性面临的复杂和迅速变化的世界。“其中一个选择是首要愿望，在自己的家里居住，只要可能的。 Social workers are instrumental in making this a reality. 社会工作者是有助于使其成为现实。
In seeking out career choices, one might ask what qualities are needed to make a meaningful impact on this population. 在寻找职业的选择，有人会问需要什么样的素质，使人口在这个有意义的影响。 It seems that most skills and talents endemic to solid social work client centered practice—compassion, understanding, listening skills, respect for privileged communication, sense of humor, not to mention positive memories of grandparents and other elders—are important. 看来，最流行的技能和才华的固体客户为中心的社会工作实践同情，理解，倾听技巧，沟通的特权，幽默感，更不用提祖父母和其他老年人积极记忆的尊重是重要的。 It is, very clearly, never a viable stance to underestimate seniors, as the missing link in this evolutionary process is sincerity. 这是很清楚，没有一个可行的立场低估老年人作为这一进化过程中缺少的环节，是真诚。 Some seniors are gullible, trusting scam artists only too often. 有些老人的轻信，信任诈骗者往往只。 They are, however, unerringly perceptive of trusting relationships with professionals. 但他们却是，准确无误地知觉与专业人士的信任关系。 It is always wise to apply the aphorism “Know Thyself” when it comes to practice. 它总是明智的应用格言“认识你自己”当谈到做法。 It is important so that our own prejudices, biases, and leanings do not taint the relationships, and furthermore, that we recognize our strengths and weaknesses. 重要的是使我们自己的偏见，偏见和倾向不要玷污的关系，而且，我们认识到我们的长处和短处。 Entrenchment in the self, consumption of self as a result of self importance or insecurity, strangles empathy. 固守在自我，作为一种自我的重要性，或不安全导致自我消费，扼杀同情。 For wisdom to prevail, a respectful curiosity of self and others, and the capacity for honest assessment of successes and failures should be readily accessible. 对于智慧占上风，一个尊重自己和他人的好奇心，对成功和失败的诚实的评估能力应当通俗易懂。 A “genuine” approach is indicated. “真正”的做法表示。 Confidence, based on peak performance, intertwined with feelings of competency, is a satisfying experience being well defined at a mastery level. 信心，最高性能的基础上，与合格的感情交织在一起，是一个令人满意的经历，以及在掌握水平确定。
Appropriate and thoughtful self assertion unlocks talent, setting achievement in motion. 适当和周到的自我主张解锁人才，设置运动的成就。 Furthermore, through involvement in writing, graphics, computer literacy, advanced clinical training, advanced degrees, staying informed of cutting edge developments within the field via online and hard copy publications, supervision, workshops, mentors, networks, organizations, Web casts, online forums and chat rooms (Socialworkchat.org is sponsored by the National Association of Social Workers and The New Social Worker®), we attempt to stay current and garner expertise. 此外，通过书面形式参与，图形，计算机知识，先进的临床培训，高级学位，切割边缘领域内的发展，通过在线和硬拷贝出版物，监督，讲习班，导师，网络通知住，组织，网络广播，网上论坛和聊天（Socialworkchat.org是由社会工作者及新的社会工作者协会主办的全国®室），我们都试图保持目前的和获得知识。 It is important to seek out learning opportunities, especially feasible when offered as a benefit, at the workplace. 重要的是要寻找学习机会，尤其是可行时提供的一项福利，在工作场所。 These enhancements will lead to professional growth and advancement. 这些增强将导致专业成长和进步。
What about age difference? 怎么样的年龄差距？ Some older clients state that they do not feel comfortable speaking to younger workers, because of a disconnect of the “red badge of courage,” or in other words, living life. 有些老客户表示他们不舒服的年轻工人说，由于切断了“红色英勇勋章”，或者换句话说居住生活。 This, however, seems to be more of a transference issue and should be explored within the context of the relationship. 然而，这似乎是一个转移的问题更多，应该在这种关系方面的研究。 With empathy and focus on a feeling level, we can all relate to the common ground of mutuality of emotions. 有了同情心和感觉上一级的重点，我们都可以涉及到相互的情感共同点。 Fear is fear, anger is anger ad infinitum, as a relationship blossoms via spoken and unspoken communications. 恐惧的是恐惧，愤怒是愤怒无休止，例如通过语言和潜通信的关系开花。
So, given this immense backdrop, where does a social worker begin in establishing a career? 因此，在这一巨大的背景下，如果没有社会工作者开始建立的职业生涯？ One of the first roles might be as a geriatric care manager. 第一个角色可能被视为安老服务经理。 Through psychosocial assessments, a good understanding of the client in his/her situation will be grasped. 通过心理评估，对客户在他/她的情况会很好地理解掌握。 As with all environments, a reliable resource directory is established, as the mire of agencies is networked and instrumental contacts are earmarked. 如同所有的环境，可靠的资源目录建立，作为机构的泥潭，是网络化，专用工具接触。 Once a comfort level with seniors is established, an understanding of the dynamics absorbed and astuteness at developing plans of care is in place, we are ready to apply skills, cognizant that client centered focus is always tantamount, to many ventures. 一旦与老年人的舒适度是建立在发展保健计划的吸收动力学和机敏理解的地方，我们准备申请的技能，认识到，客户为中心的重点始终是等于，许多合资企业。 As social work is a very “giving,” flexible profession, with the possession of core competencies, we can translate our talents to many diverse areas in the nonprofit world or corporate sector. 由于社会工作是一个非常“给”与核心竞争力拥有灵活的职业，我们可以把我们的人才，在非营利世界或企业部门的许多不同的领域。
Settings and/or areas in which to apply skills include grant writing, home care, senior centers, faith based organizations, hospice, palliative care, housing entities, research, NORCs, policy and planning, program development, publishing, teaching, marketing, supervisory roles, administration, caregiver programs, hospitals, rehabilitation agencies, mental health agencies, social and medical adult day programs, or geriatric care management agencies. 设置和/或领域的应用技能包括授予写作，家庭护理，老人中心，组织，安宁缓和医疗，住房实体，研究，NORCs，政策和规划，项目开发，出版，教学，市场营销，监督信仰角色，管理，照顾计划，医院，康复机构，精神卫生机构，社会和医疗成人日间节目，或安老服务管理机构。 In addition, older clients of vulnerable populations, such as veterans and persons with developmental disabilities, are rife with need. 此外，弱势群体，如退伍军人和残疾人的发展，旧的客户端，与需要猖獗。 Bureaucracies seem to take on a life of their own and may engender much frustration when trying to negotiate the boondoggles of red tape and molasses. 官僚似乎走出一条自己的生命，并可能产生太大的挫折时，试图谈判的繁文缛节和糖蜜的外部同行评审有助于。 With accountability and transparency at the forefront, it might be refreshing to find a setting wherein the structure is conducive to flexibility. 随着问责制和透明度的前列，它可能刷新找到其中的设置结构，有利于灵活性。
So, is the field of gerontology a plausible pursuit? 所以，是老年医学的一个似是而非的追求？ Given a crisis intervention model, it appears that much energy, funding, and, as Rollo May urges, courage (to create), needs to be diverted to older adults. 鉴于危机干预模式，似乎大量精力，资金，作为罗洛梅要求，勇气（创造），必须转移到老年人。 Jobs in healthcare remain stable. 在医疗保健工作保持稳定。 The juxtaposition of younger workers and older clients mirrors positives of family dynamics; the interaction can be a very rewarding experience. 对年轻的工人和老年人客户并列镜子家庭动力学阳性;的相互作用可以是一个非常有益的经验。 Although losses are shared, when the well-springs of joy gleam through dulled and distant eyes in remembrances of things past, the vibrancy of the moment cannot be denied. 虽然损失的共享，以及时的喜悦一线坐失弹簧通过在回忆过去的事情遥远的眼睛，充满活力的时刻不能否认。 The spark of generosity of spirit is a gift that comes from within. 在宽大的精神火花的礼物，从内心。 It should be showered on clients and colleagues with abundance. 应该沐浴在客户和丰富的同事。 As Albert Camus so eloquently states, “Real generosity towards the future lies in giving all to the present.” 由于阿尔贝加缪如此雄辩地指出，“对未来的真正慷慨所在。给予所有现行的”
The intriguing field of narrative medicine marries anecdotal and medical events speaking to the substance and complexity of life. 在迷人的叙事医学领域的结婚传闻和医疗事件发言的内容和生命的复杂性。 Cases in point, so poignant and healing, are the living histories social workers sculpt. 有关的例子，如此辛辣和愈合，是活生生的历史造型社会工作者。 We are fortunate to discover the richness and mystery of life endemic to seniors, society's well traveled journeymen, through their stories. 我们很幸运能发现的丰富性和特有的生活奥秘，老年人，社会以及旅行帮工，通过他们的故事。 Not only do famous comedians, scholars, and other talents of our time beckon as the shamans of culture, but we ponder whether seniors might be the modern storytellers stringing the threads of transitioning eras, connecting and bridging past, present, and future? 不仅著名的喜剧演员，学者，以及我们作为文化的巫师时间招手各方面人才，但我们究竟是老年人可能是现代说书串的过渡时代的线程，连接和消除过去，现在和未来？ The unraveling of a sometimes tangled web propels our work, in tandem, through the realization of their individuality. 有时在一个错综复杂解体驱使通过自己的个性，我们实现协同工作。 In any event, as a social worker, it is a pleasure and an honor to share their stage. 在任何情况下，作为社会工作者，这是一个愉快和荣幸能分享他们的阶段。 There is room for a full supporting cast, if you care to join us. 有整整配角房间，如果你愿意加入我们的行列。
Karen Graziano, LCSW, is affiliated with the Cornell Institute for Translational Research on Aging as a member of the Persistent Pain in Older Adults work group. 卡伦格拉齐亚诺，LCSW，隶属于与平移研究康奈尔研究所作为持续性疼痛的老年人老龄工作组的成员。 She is also an adjunct faculty member at Adelphi University and is involved in post traumatic stress treatment of Iraqi and Afghanistan veterans. 她也是在Adelphi大学的兼职教师 ， 并参与创伤后应激处理伊拉克和阿富汗老兵。 | 
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发表于 2010-3-25 19:30
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发表于 2010-3-26 09:02
